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名师指导的GRE阅读科学备考方法
GMAT/GRE阅读文章第三篇：
Thomas Hardy’s impulses as a writer, all of which he indulged in his novels, were numerous and divergent, and they did not always work together in harmony.
TH作为一个作家的impulses的特点是什么?
Numerous and divergent
Did not always work together
很多同学在这里喜欢把impulses翻译出来，比如说翻译成冲动，刺激之类的。
完全没有必要，因为名词在GRE阅读中是最不重要的词汇，尤其这类抽象名词，明确它的作用和特点即可，下文只需要找出对应。不需要明白具体含义。
Hardy was to some degree interested in exploring his characters’ psychologies, though impelled less by curiosity than by sympathy.
那些词跟上文的impulses有关系?
Characters’ psychologies, curiosity, sympathy
Occasionally he felt the impulse to comedy (in all its detached coldness) as well as the impulse to farce, but he was more often inclined to see tragedy and record it.
虽然but在句中，但仍然要找到but的转折关系，哪里转折了?
Occasionally和often
Comedy, farce和tragedy
这句话要读出的关系是Hardy更喜欢的是?
Tragedy
He was also inclined to literary realism in the several senses of that phrase.
Also告诉我们这句话和上句话的关系是?
并列(顺承)
划线部分指代的是?
Literary realism
He wanted to describe ordinary human beings; he wanted to speculate on their dilemmas rationally (and, unfortunately, even schematically); and he wanted to record precisely the material universe.
这里两个分号引导的并列结构，有可能出细节题，要注意定位
这里的wanted后面跟的内容是否是全新的概念?
不是
如果不是，和前文的什么有关系?
Hardy’s impulses
Finally, he wanted to be more than a realist. He wanted to transcend what he considered to be the banality of solely recording things exactly and to express as well his awareness of the occult and the strange.
划线部分和非划线部分的关系是?
非划线部分解释说明了划线部分。
Hardy想去做到的是?
To transcend and to express
划线部分的realist可以用那些词进行解释?
Not transcend banality of solely recording things exactly and not express his awareness
总结第一段的大致内容：
Hardy这个人在写作方面的许多想法很多，且有时会不和谐。他比较喜欢非喜剧的东西。他想展现的并非只是呆板的记录的现实主义者，而是比现实主义者更多的展现自己的意识。
以下开始第二段
In his novels these various impulses were sacrificed to each other inevitably and often.
仍然没有出现新的概念，承接上文的impulses
上文对于impulses的特点的描述是?
Numerous and divergent, not always work together
Sacrificed和上文的哪些词对应?
Not always work together
Inevitably, because Hardy did not care in the way that novelists such as Flaubert or James cared, and therefore took paths of least resistance. Thus, one impulse often surrendered to a fresher one and, unfortunately, instead of exacting a compromise, simply disappeared.
两个句子的关系是?
因果关系
为什么?
有标志词because和thus。前一句是因，后一句是果。
出现了两个人名F和J的作用是?
与Hardy进行比较(取不同)
那么F和J的特点是?
Took path of resistance
在Hardy的作品中，impulse会出现什么样的情况?
一个impulse会被新的impulse所取缔。因此最终的情况不是所有的impulse会互相融合(compromise)而是只会有最新的impulse，之前的impulse都没有了(disappeared)
A desire to throw over reality a light that never was might give way abruptly to the desire on the part of (on the part of: with regard to the one specified) what we might consider a novelist-scientist to record exactly and concretely the structure and texture of a flower.
本句话中的desire是全新的概念嘛?
不是，和前文的impulse是同一个概念。
这句话的主干是什么?
That a desire might give way abruptly to the desire was never to throw over reality a light.
划线部分的that的作用是?
引导主语从句
划线部分的what的作用是?
引导了一个宾语从句，做of的宾语。
所以这个句子的作用是?
描述了a desire的特点，即impulse的特点
一个desire应该是不会突然让位给另一个(desire)的---比如说一个novelist-scientist需要准确具体的记录一个花的结构和纹理。
这个句子即使翻译了之后，还是觉得很抽象，不妨我们来找一下对应。
Hardy’s impulses的特点是?
新的取代之前的。不能互相融合
而这里我们认为的是什么?
一个desire如果能够被取代，那么那就不能反应事实。
和前文的内容逻辑一致。
In this instance, the new impulse was at least an energetic one, and thus its indulgence did not result in a relaxed style.
划线部分的指代是?
The desire on the part of what we might consider novelist-scientist
But on other occasions Hardy abandoned a perilous, risky, and highly energizing impulse in favor of what was for him the fatally relaxing impulse to classify and schematize abstractly.
But闪到眼了，要注意的是?
出现转折了。
转折了什么?
前面说，还好新的impulse还不至于导致relaxed style;但是有时Hardy还是会引起relaxing impulse的。
When a relaxing impulse was indulged, the style—that sure index of an author’s literary worth—was certain to become verbose.
划线部分的词语和可以用上文的什么词来代替?
Relaxed
所以如果relaxing impulse很多，那么结构就会relaxed
Hardy’s weakness derived from his apparent inability to control the comings and goings of these divergent impulses and from his unwillingness to cultivate and sustain the energetic and risky ones.
Hardy’s weakness指代的是什么?
他的relaxing impulse导致的relaxed style
Hardy’s weakness的原因是?
Inability to control and unwillingness to cultivate
无法掌控divergent impulses以及不愿意去坚持那些energetic and risky的impulses
He submitted to first one and then another, and the spirit blew where it listed; hence the unevenness of any one of his novels.
这句话和上文的关系是?
是上句话的结果。
因为他的无能和不愿意，致使了他的作品都unevenness
这里的unevenness和上文的什么有关系?
Divergent impulses
His most controlled novel, Under the Greenwood Tree, prominently exhibits two different but reconcilable impulses—a desire to be a realist-historian and a desire to be a psychologist of love—but the slight interlockings of plot are not enough to bind the two completely together. Thus even this book splits into two distinct parts.
最后一句话是否有转折?
没有，仍然是在说他的小说结构是divergent
举例子的目的是?(Under the Greenwood Tree)
支持说明前文的观点： unevenness of any one of his novel
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