GRE写作成为横在中国学生的理想和现实之间的一大障碍，因此，如何攻克写作这道屏障，成为摆在我们面前的首要任务。
Finally, the mere fact that average family income is growing provides little assurance that the
proposed changes would increase HG's sales. Perhaps the average income of families without
young children is growing, but for families with young children who buy toys it is shrinking. For
that matter, perhaps average family expenses are also growing, so that families have even
less discretionary income than before. Without ruling out these possibilities, the president
cannot justify the proposed changes on the basis of the growth of average family income.
In sum, the president's argument is unconvincing as it stands. To strengthen it the president
must show that parents in general, not just HG customers, are concerned about youth violence
256
and education, and that these concerns are the reason for declining FF sales. To better assess
the argument I would need more information about sales trends of HG's other action toys, and
about the types of toys that have contributed to the 200% increase in sales for the other toy
companies.
Argument 105
The following appeared in a memorandum from a vice president of the Megamart department
store chain.
"For the third year in a row, the average household income in our country has risen significantly.
That prosperity means that families are likely to be spending more time and money on leisure
activities. Megamart stores should therefore concentrate on enlarging and promoting its line of
products typically used in leisure activities: athletic and outdoor equipment, televisions,
gourmet cooking equipment, and luggage and travel accessories."
In this memo the vice president of Megamart concludes that Megamart should expand its
line of products related to leisure activities. To support this claim the memo points out that for
three years in a row the average household income nationwide has risen. However, close
inspection of the argument reveals several logical problems, which render it unconvincing as it
stands.
First of all, the claim relies on two threshold assumptions about rising income. One is that
this trend will continue in the future; if it does not then the proposed course of action is unlikely
to result in increased profits for Megamart. The other threshold assumption is that the cost of
living is not also increasing at least at a commensurate rate. Yet it is entirely possible that living
costs have risen to meet or even exceed the rise in income.
If so, Megamart would in all likelihood sell fewer leisure products than otherwise. Even
assuming that discretionary income is rising and will continue to rise, the argument relies on
the additional assumption that people will spend this discretionary income on leisure products.
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