GRE，全称Graduate Record Examination，中文名称为美国研究生入学考试，适用于除法律与商业外的各专业。由美国教育考试服务处(Educational Testing Service，简称ETS)主办，GRE是美国、加拿大的大学各类研究生院（除管理类学院，法学院）要求申请者所必须具备的一个考试成绩，也是教授对申请者是否授予奖学金所依据的最重要的标准。 另有，Generic Routing Encapsulation（通用路由封装）也简称GRE。
Admittedly, undue skepticism might be counterproductive in educating young children. I am
not an expert in developmental psychology; yet observation and common sense informs me
that youngsters must first develop a foundation of experiential knowledge before they can
begin to think critically about what they are learning. Even so, in my view no student, no matter
how young, should be discouraged from asking "Why?" and "Why not?"
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To sum up, skepticism is the very stuff that progress is made of, whether it be in science,
sociology, politics, the law, or the arts. Therefore, skepticism should be encouraged at all but
the most basic levels of education.
Issue 68
"Both parents and communities must be involved in the local schools. Education is too
important to leave solely to a group of professional educators."
Should parents and communities participate in local education because education is too
important to leave to professional educators, as the speaker asserts? It might be tempting to
agree with the speaker, based on a parent's legal authority over, familiarity with, and interest in
his or her own children. However, a far more compelling argument can be made that, except
for major decisions such as choice of school, a child's education is best left to professional
educators.
Communities of parents concerned about their children's education rely on three arguments
for active parental and community participation in that process. The fzrst argument, and the
one expressed most often and vociferously, is that parents hold the ultimately legal authority to
make key decisions about what and how their own children learn including choice of
curriculum and text books, pace and schedule for learning, and the extent to which their child
should learn alongside other children. The second argument is that only a parent can truly
know the unique needs of a child including what educational choices are best suited for the
child. The third argument is that parents are more motivated--by pride and ego--than any other
person to take whatever measures are needed to ensure their children receive the best
possible education.
Careful examination of these three arguments, however, reveals that they are specious at
best. As for the first one, were we to allow parents the right to make all major decisions
regarding the education of their children, many children would go with little or no education. In
a perfect world parents would always make their children's education one of their highest
priorities. Yet, in fact many parents do not. As for the second argument, parents are not
necessarily best equipped to know what is best for their child when it comes to education.
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